Embodied carbon plays a pivotal role in whole-life carbon emissions of infrastructure projects. Estimation of embodied carbon by using life cycle assessment (LCA) is complex, as numerous variables can impact its accuracy. This study reviews the literature on existing BIM-LCA workflows, identifying methodology advancements to enhance conventional workflows and exploring the integration with the digital twin. BIM-LCA workflows have been widely applied in the literature for embodied carbon assessment, with improving data interoperability identified as a hotspot to further expand this application. However, existing workflows fail to incorporate time-dependent factors in early-stage estimations, limiting predictive accuracy. Additionally, digital twin technology has not been integrated into current methodologies, limiting real-time data updates and automated monitoring during the operational stage. Therefore, a conceptual framework is proposed to incorporate a digital twin for predicting and real-time monitoring embodied emissions. It offers a pathway toward more accurate and dynamic whole-life carbon emission assessments.