This paper presents an approach to numerical simulation of future weather variables considering uncertainties in climate projections for the assessment of climate change effects on life-cycle structural performance of reinforced concrete (RC) bridges under chloride-induced corrosion. The role of the different types of uncertainty related to climate projections is investigated. Cellular automata are employed to simulate the multi-mechanism transport processes of chloride, moisture, and heat to evaluate corrosion initiation and damage propagation. The proposed approach is applied to probabilistic life-cycle reliability analysis of a RC bridge pier cross-section under corrosion. The results show that climate change can accelerates the corrosion process and confirm the importance of incorporating the effects of a changing climate in diffusion and damage models for life-cycle design, assessment, maintenance and management of corroding RC bridges.