Life-Cycle Civil Engineering has become an essential framework for the design of structures at all scales. Considering a structures entire life of service has led to key considerations for life safety, performance, maintenance, resilience, cost, and impacts on the environment. For several years considerations for bridge structures have been obvious because of direct exposure to the elements, but less so for building structures. Recent efforts centered around defining an expected life of occupied structures especially in areas of high seismicity has led to important approaches to Life-Cycle Engineering. Through specific examples, the presentation and paper will explore life-cycle engineering for structures at all scales from small scale residential structures to high-rise commercial buildings. The emission of carbon dioxide is a key consideration for structures engineered life-cycle design. There are three primary components that contribute to the carbon emitted and the time of construction (embodied) and potentially through operation. The components are material, the construction process, and probabilistic damage. Material types and quantities used typically have the greatest impact on embodied carbon, but construction time and processes are significant contributors. Probabilistic damage considerations are the final significant contributor to emissions. Buildings typically design for life-safety per current standard building codes allow for significant damage to structures during an earthquake. This damage causes significant impacts on the environment since repairs require material and construction time. If the building is significantly damaged and deemed to be unoccupiable, then the carbon associated with demolition and reconstruction must be considered. There are significant initiatives to create structural systems and components that are resilient and limit damage in major seismic events so that structures do not require repair or replacement after a major seismic event.