The porosity, air-void distribution and morphology are important features of the concrete air-void characteristics which may have a significant impact on the macroscopic mechanical properties and durability performance. This research explored a method that reduced the curing air pressure transiently after mixing concrete so as to modify air-void characteristics and avoid introducing variables besides air-voids. The examination involved varying air pressures, specifically 1.00, 0.65, and 0.30 of the normal atmospheric pressure (P0). Assessments encompassing air-void parameters of the specimens were conducted. The influence of different pore characteristics on the ion transport properties of cement-based materials was further analyzed using the electrical flux method. The findings reveal that the low-pressure treatment altered the air-voids, although the mechanism of alteration diverged at different pressures. At 0.65P0, the predominant mechanism of alteration was bubble reproduction, triggered by the diminished air solubility, whereas at 0.30P0, the mechanism was a combined effect of bubble reproduction and expansion owing to the internal and external pressure imbalance. The total electric charge of hardened concrete decreases as the pore spacing coefficient reduced. However, no proportional relationship is observed between the total electric charge and either the air content or the pore radius. he resistivity of fresh cement paste was positively proportional to the air content at this time, indicating that the air bubbles were closed and could isolate the connectivity of water phases. This study presents a pioneering approach to adjusting the air-voids, offering valuable insights for research in concrete mechanics and durability.